Jumat, 28 Januari 2011

[N704.Ebook] Get Free Ebook Step One, Step Two, Step Three and Four, by Maria Ashworth

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Step One, Step Two, Step Three and Four, by Maria Ashworth

A young girl's world is turned upside-down when her mother decides to remarry. Along with the ring comes a few more, Step One, Step Two, Step Three and Four. The girl will do whatever it takes to keep them out of her life. She eventually realizes there are some benefits to her step-siblings.This lighthearted story will reassure children that in spite of change, the outcome is worth the transition. It delights in the possibilities of having a growing blended family. �Nominated in 2012 as a finalist in National Association of Elementary School Principals contest. Children, ages 4 to 8, will love its suessical flair of bold illustrations and lyrical text.

  • Sales Rank: #1459123 in Books
  • Published on: 2016-01-26
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 11.00" h x .8" w x 8.50" l, .28 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 32 pages

About the Author
Ms. Ashworth writes everything from picture books to adult fiction. She’s a member and volunteers with Society of Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators. In her spare time, when she’s not writing, you can find her pumping iron at the gym, planting in the garden, or digging into a pint of ice cream. Ms. Ashworth lives and writes in Texas. Details about this writer and her current projects and publishing accomplishments can be found at http://mariaashworth.com.

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Cute story!
By Stardust
Such a cute story! The artwork is very nice.This book is a must for every library--school and personal!

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Wonderful!!!
By Allison
This is a great children's book! The author did a wonderful job with a tricky subject. I feel that it is a perfect book to help children understand blended families. It sheds a positive light on a sometimes difficult situation. Also it is nice to see that there is something out there about blended families for children. Very well done, I highly recommend! I have a blog about stepfamilies and this is just perfect in my mind.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A STEP or Two or Three or Four Above Other Books Dealing with the Topic of Stepbrothers and Stepsisters
By Anon E Mouse
This is a cute story told in rhyme that covers the topic of stepchildren merging into the same household. A girl who starts off with preconceived notions of what her new life will be like learns what can happen in reality. Some of the situations and illustrations are quite humorous. The book is especially great for helping children see the advantages of having instant siblings.

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Kamis, 27 Januari 2011

[A227.Ebook] Ebook Chinese Tonic Herbs, by Ron Teeguarden

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Chinese Tonic Herbs, by Ron Teeguarden

Here is a fascinating book about how plants, minerals and animals have been used by Eastern people, for thousands of years, to prolong life, enhance the powers of thought, strengthen the body, increase virility and fertility even to clear the inner vision to make oneself more receptive to the veiled secrets of God and nature.

It gives the fundamental principles of the oriental health philosophy and discusses the major tonic herbs, such as ginseng, licorice, cinnamon and red dates. In discussing each of the incredible herbs used in the Chinese tonic system, the author describes the properties of the herb both in traditional and modern terms.

There are traditional tonic recipes, modern tonics, and advice on mixing.

  • Sales Rank: #310538 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Japan Publications
  • Published on: 1985-04
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 10.25" h x 7.00" w x .75" l,
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 200 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Most helpful customer reviews

34 of 35 people found the following review helpful.
The only Chinese Herbal book that really EXPLAINS things
By Joanna Daneman
I have several good books on Chinese herbs, but Teeguarden's book is the only one with full, complete explanations. He includes:
1. Section on the five elements (water-wood-fire-metal-earth), what "cool" and "warm" and "yin" and "yang" mean.
2. Section describing the most-used and important herbs like Ginseng and Dong Kwai, Ma Huang and many others. This section includes photos of the herb shown as they are sold in herb shops, tips on getting the best herbs, the Chinese name (and Korean, sometimes) The names are both Romanized and in Chinese characters, with the Latin name, and the active chemical components and their effects.
3. Formulae for herb tonics, because Chinese herbs are not used alone but in combination (and the reasoning behind the combination.)
4. Philosophy of Chinese medicine for health (prevention versus cure) and much more.
The book is very readable, too. While I very much like other books I own, this one is such a classic, I consider it a MUST-HAVE if you are interested at all in Chinese medicine and definitely the first one you should own.

32 of 33 people found the following review helpful.
A classic book on Superior Tonic Herbalism
By S. Little
What sets this book apart from other books on Chinese herbal medicine is its philosophy of using "superior tonic herbs" to improve the quality of one's life and health. This book is not about treating disease, but rather about achieving radiant health from a Taoist perspective.

This is Ron Teeguarden's first of several books on the subject of Chinese Medicine and in my opinion is a classic. (Note, I have not read his latest book The Ancient Wisdom of the Chinese Tonic Herbs.)

Having formally studied Traditional Chinese Medicine for two years and Ayurvedic medicine for two years I can unequivocally state this is the book to start learning practical do it yourself Chinese herbalism for increased energy, creativity, spiritual growth and happiness. It contains many useful and effective herbal formulas that would not be otherwise accessible to the non-professional. If you want to learn Chinese medicine for the treatment of disease this is not the book to get, rather the focus is on tonic herbs and their correct application. (While tonic herbs are widely used for deficiency diseases in Chinese Medicine, not enough herbs, formulas and theory are given in this book for treating complex deficiency conditions/diseases.) This book shows one how to gradually work towards radiant health through the application of Superior Tonic Herbalism from a Daoist perspective. All the practical and theoretical knowledge needed is covered.

The cost of the herbs involved ranges from $.50 / ounce to $200 / ounce (retail). To seriously put to use the knowledge contained in this book would require having a selection of about 20-35 herbs. Though one could start out with as few as one to three herbs. The primary emphasis is on learning how to mix and cook the bulk tonic herbs into teas (decoctions). These teas range in taste from sweet, sour, and pungent to bitter. (There is one chapter devoted to the use of commercially prepared tonics, but it is not the major focus of the book.) The companies listed to order herbs from are now out of date, but a search of the Internet will reveal more current sources.

Traditionally the tonic herbs are divided into four categories: 1) qi (chi) tonics, 2) yang tonics, 3) yin tonics and 4) blood tonics. Ron Teeguardian covers three additional categories: 1) chi moving/regulating herbs, 2) blood moving/regulating herbs and 3) organ-meridian tonics. The book covers 35 herbs in detail, including buying tips and a black and white photo of each herb.

The section on ginseng (a qi tonic) is very informative and contains insights and perspectives not readily found elsewhere. Also covered in detail is dang shen (Codonopsis pilosula) a safe and low cost ginseng substitute. The coverage of some the "minor" tonic herbs is unique as the longevity properties of these "minor" tonic herbs are usually overlooked or ignored by most texts on the subject.

The theory section is kept simple, but detailed enough to be practically useful. While Chinese Tonic Herbs discusses modern scientific research on Chinese herbs, the formulas and theory is geared toward building up the three Taoist treasures: shen (spirit), jing (essence, refined reproductive energy) and qi (functional energy). When these three treasures are built up a person will have a strong reserve of adaptogenic energy to effectively deal with stress and changing life conditions.

The book has a few flaws. The taxonomy is a little weak as some of the scientific names used are outdated. The scientific information given is out of date and even flawed in places. The number of yin, yang, qi and blood tonics covered is somewhat limited. Perhaps not enough information is given on how to correctly distinguish between yin, yang, qi and blood deficiency conditions. Also, not enough contraindications are given for each of the herbs discussed. While superior tonic herbs are generally very safe and non toxic, it is possible to use them incorrectly and put one's body into a deeper state of imbalance. Dosage information is somewhat weak, but sufficiently covered if one studies the book carefully. Usually only relative proportions for each herb are given for a formula.

Ron Teeguarden was personally trained by a daoist master visiting from South Korea in the 1970s. His book is part of a real living tradition of Superior Tonic Herbalism.

While several volumes would be needed to do Superior Tonic Herbalism justice this book is an excellent beginning.

(A useful adjunct book is "Yoga of Herbs" by Frawley and Lad, which covers Western, Ayurvedic and some Chinese herbs from an Ayurvedic perspective. Yoga of Herbs focuses both on the treatment of disease and tonification and rejuvenation. It covers some of the spiritual aspects of herbs according to the Ayurvedic perspective. Both Yoga of Herbs and Chinese Tonic Herbs embrace the life energy model of herbalism as opposed to the more modern pharmacological model.)

The real secret of tonic herbalism is doing it carefully (e.g., don't over do it) and steadily every day -- this book will definitely help one get started on this path, by both the knowledge contained within, and the truly inspiring stories and passion of the author. Superior Tonic Herbalism is Ron Teeguardian's passion and mission in life and this book follows from this.

31 of 33 people found the following review helpful.
A must-read...don't miss the last chapter
By A Customer
I found Ron Teeguarden's new book "Radiant Health" to be the most easily understood and comprehensive book on the subject that I've ever read. Many Westerners, during the last several decades, have become aware of the benefits of Chinese Medicine, specifically acupuncture. This book brings to light the extremely effective system of Chinese Herbal Tonics, which is an ancient tradition of promoting and maintaining a state of radiant health rather than treating disease once it has developed. Considering the cost of health care to both individuals and society at large, this book is a must-read for anyone interested in maintaining their own personal health or providing for the health of society. Not only does Ron Teeguarden explain in detail the properties and uses of each of the tonic herbs but he has a rare talent of making very complex and profound concepts easily understandable to the layman. One suggestion that I would make is not to miss the last chapter called "Six Lessons The Tonic Herbs Have Taught Me." Some readers might get bogged down in the middle of the book where each of the herbs is described. If that happens to you, just skip to the last chapter and then pick up the book, from time to time, to read about an herb or two. The last chapter was my favorite because it beautifully expresses the degree to which the tonic herbs can transform life and raise it to a pinacle that is the birthright of every human being.

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[P236.Ebook] Free Ebook Cases in Public Management, by Robert T. Golembiewski, Jerry G. Stevenson, Michael White

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Cases in Public Management, by Robert T. Golembiewski, Jerry G. Stevenson, Michael White

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Cases in Public Management, by Robert T. Golembiewski, Jerry G. Stevenson, Michael White

This casebook covers a broad range of situations that managers are likely to encounter in public settings. The cases are fully detailed, based on real events, and edited for instructional purposes. They are applicable in introductory public administration courses as well as courses in organizational behavior, human resources, and public personnel management. A substantial introduction explains how to use the cases in the classroom.

  • Sales Rank: #4951053 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Cengage Learning
  • Published on: 1997-01-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 6.00" w x .50" l,
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 243 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

About the Author
MICHAEL WHITE is a recording engineer, producer, and instructor who has worked for companies as diverse as Right Track Recording Studios, Jimi Hendrix�s Electric Lady Studios, Solid State Logic, Outdoor Life Network, and Sirius Satellite Radio. Over the years, he has worked on albums for Whitney Houston, James Taylor, the Rolling Stones, Talking Heads, David Bowie, 3 Doors Down, and many others. He currently lives in New York City, where he teaches classes at the SAE Institute, and continues to work as a recording engineer for the music, film, and post-production industries.

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Rabu, 26 Januari 2011

[X395.Ebook] Download 52 Weeks to Fortify Your Family: 5-Minute Messages, by Nicole Carpenter

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52 Weeks to Fortify Your Family: 5-Minute Messages, by Nicole Carpenter

Keep your family safe from the world’s storms with a year of daily devotionals, all planned for you. Designed to help your family study the gospel together, this book includes

a new theme for each week
scriptures to read together
quotes from latter-day prophets
discussion questions to get you thinking
Quick and powerful and perfect for busy families, 52 Weeks to Fortify Your Family is something you can use right before morning prayer, in your car on the way to your next activity, or as part of your bedtime routine.

With a full year of short spiritual thoughts to keep your testimonies on track, this book will help you draw closer to one other and closer to the Lord.

  • Sales Rank: #503614 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2015-01-11
  • Released on: 2015-01-11
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Review
"52 weeks is an awesome resource for introducing a topical study of the scriptures to your family routine. And since you don't have to come up with the topics and verses yourself, you can spend more time actually discussing the scriptures as a family. I love teat there are conference talks included as well! Consistent gospel habits have made all the difference in my family, and that's exactly what this book will help you to create." - Heidi Doxey, author of the Tiny Talks series

"Bring scripture power and daily devotionals on courage, faith, forgiveness, and much more into your home with Carpenter's inspired compilation, which is destined to fortify and uplift you and your family year-round." - Annalisa Hall, author of�I Want to Be Baptized�and�The Holy Ghost Is Like a Blanket

"52 weeks is an awesome resource for introducing a topical study of the scriptures to your family routine. And since you don't have to come up with the topics and verses yourself, you can spend more time actually discussing the scriptures as a family. I love teat there are conference talks included as well! Consistent gospel habits have made all the difference in my family, and that's exactly what this book will help you to create." - Heidi Doxey, author of the Tiny Talks series

"Bring scripture power and daily devotionals on courage, faith, forgiveness, and much more into your home with Carpenter's inspired compilation, which is destined to fortify and uplift you and your family year-round." - Annalisa Hall, author of�I Want to Be Baptized�and�The Holy Ghost Is Like a Blanket --Annalisa Hall

From the Author
We are raising our children in a volatile world. The lines between right and wrong and good and evil continue to fade. We worry about our children and pray that they are strong enough to handle it all.� � �They totally are. But we can fortify them even more.As parents, we have the opportunity -- the obligation -- to teach our "children light and truth, according to the commandments" (D&C 93:42). Together, we can use the scriptures in our homes to offer our children "the whole armour of God, that [they] may be able to withstand in the evil day" (Ephesians 6:13)� � �52 Weeks to Fortify Your Family: 5-Minute Messages is your chest plate and helmet and sword. These quick and simple devotionals will strengthen you and your children and give them light in a darkening world.�� � �This book was born from the extremely popular "Armor Your Children Devotional Series" on MOMentity.com and I'm so grateful to each faithful parent who downloaded, used and shared that original blog post.� � �My hope is that every home will have a tattered and worn copy of this book because I believe there is power in the scripture themes within. I believe in the power of these daily devotionals because you have told me so. Well, maybe not you exactly, but someone like you: a Christian parent seeking a way to strength their children and prepare them for the day. Write in this book and love it!

From the Back Cover
QUICK AND POWERFUL and perfect for busy families, 52 Weeks to Fortify Your Family is something you can use right before morning prayer, in your car on the way to your next activity, or as part of your bedtime routine. This book includes

  • A new theme for each week
  • Scriptures to read together
  • Quotes from latter-day prophets
  • Discussion questions to get you thinking
KEEP YOUR FAMILY SAFE from the world's storms with a year of daily devotionals, all planned for you designed to help your family study the gospel together.�WITH A FULL YEAR of short spiritual thoughts to keep your testimonies on track, this book will help you draw closer to one another and closer to the Lord.

Most helpful customer reviews

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
I love these devotionals & appreciate all the work that has ...
By John Chavez
I love these devotionals & appreciate all the work that has been put into each one of them. I have pre-ordered this book because I know the contents are life changing & so helpful in strengthening my family. I appreciate the postive messages that help promote a Christ centered, loving home. I think these messages will strengthen any family regardless of your religious beliefs. Thank you Nicole for bringing this together in book form. Warm Regards, Kate Chavez

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Love this! I love momentity and the armour your ...
By missyg
Love this! I love momentity and the armour your children series as well. We have done a couple of days. I love doing a devotional with my kids and a weekly Gospel topic, so this book takes out all of the prep work for me. I love it!

4 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Messages are One-Minute Messages
By Rachelle
Honestly, I am disappointed in this book. I was expecting 5-minute messages and most of them are one minute at best. The whole week is one layout and each day has one scripture. There are a few questions at the end of each week and an idea of a talk you can look up. I like that she arranged each week as a topic but there just isn't much for each day. My kids are pretty little so there is no way we can "discuss" those short scriptures for an extra four minutes. I was hoping there would be quotes from apostles and such to round out each day. I can look up the scriptures in the topical guide and get most of what is in this book. I haven't decided if I am going to return it or if I am just going to combine multiple "days" into one devotional. I really only need them Monday through Friday during the school year. If you are looking for a book to just kind of get you started on devotionals (essentially give you topics), this one will do that. It won't give you fleshed out five-minute devotionals, though. :(

See all 16 customer reviews...

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Sabtu, 22 Januari 2011

[X282.Ebook] Download Ebook East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, by Philippe Sands

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East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, by Philippe Sands

East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, by Philippe Sands



East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, by Philippe Sands

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East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, by Philippe Sands

When human rights lawyer Philippe Sands received an invitation to deliver a lecture in the western Ukrainian city of Lviv, he began to uncover a series of extraordinary historical coincidences. It set him on a quest that would take him halfway around the world in an exploration of the origins of international law and the pursuit of his own secret family history, beginning and ending with the last day of the Nuremberg Trials.Part historical detective story, part family history, part legal thriller, Philippe Sands guides us between past and present as several interconnected stories unfold in parallel. The first is the hidden story of two Nuremberg prosecutors who discover, only at the end of the trials, that the man they are prosecuting, once Hitler's personal lawyer, may be responsible for the murder of their entire families in Nazi-occupied Poland, in and around Lviv. The two prosecutors, Hersch Lauterpacht and Rafael Lemkin, were remarkable men, whose efforts led to the inclusion of the terms crimes against humanity and genocide in the judgement at Nuremberg, with their different emphasis on the protection of individuals and groups. The defendant was no less compelling a character: Hans Frank, Hitler's personal lawyer, friend of Richard Strauss, collector of paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, and governor-general of Nazi-occupied Poland.A second strand to the book is more personal, as Sands traces the events that overwhelmed his mother's family in Lviv and Vienna during the Second World War and led his grandfather to leave his wife and daughter behind as war came to Europe. At the heart of this book is an equally personal quest to understand the roots of international law and the concepts that have dominated Sands' work as a lawyer. Eventually he finds unexpected answers to his questions about his family in this powerful meditation on the way memory, crime, and guilt leave scars across generations.

  • Sales Rank: #4361178 in Books
  • Brand: imusti
  • Published on: 2016
  • Original language: English
  • Dimensions: 9.53" h x 1.65" w x 6.38" l, 1.46 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
Features
  • WEIDENFELD NICOLSON

Review
Acclaim for Philippe Sands’
EAST WEST STREET

“An indispensable book.”
—Jack Fischel, Hadassah Magazine

“Remarkable sleuthing.”
—Christopher R. Browning, The New York Review

“An intimate and important tale . . . vivid . . . engaging . . . A kind of mystery-solving journey . . . remarkable.”
—John Tirman, The Washington Post

“A tour de force . . . penetrating . . . A pillar of the emerging genre of third-generation investigation into the legacy of the European Jewish apocalypse . . . This is a history that is both personal and universal . . . Equal parts legal scholarship, memoir and multitude of mysteries, told with admirable suspense and elocution . . . Here we find both the detail of concepts and the detail of personal lives and geographies . . . Sands acts as archivist and archaeologist, traveler and historian—but also as horrified observer.”
—Sarah Wildman, Jewish Daily Forward

“A monumental and profoundly important book . . . A brilliant account that reads as part history, part human rights theory, and part thriller . . . Sands writes like a skilled archeologist digging into the bloodied soil of Europe . . . A riveting melding of memoir and history . . . A powerful book, exquisitely written and profound in its implications and importance . . . A singular accomplishment . . . An inspirational book that readers will cherish for years to come.”
—Michael N. Dobkowski, Jewish Book Council

“Dazzling, shattering.�East West Street is one of the most extraordinary books that I have ever read.”
—Antonia Fraser

“A masterpiece that is part detective story and part exploration of family history, memory, crime, guild, loss and law . . . Exceptionally gripping and moving . . . East West Street is described by John Le Carr� as ‘a monumental achievement’ and he is right. It is work of the highest order and it deserves to be as widely read as possible. It is, I reiterate, a masterpiece.”
—Iain Martin, Reaction

“Supremely gripping . . . Sands has produced something extraordinary . . . Sands tells it not just as history but as a family memoir, a detective thriller and a meditation on the power of memory . . . Written with novelistic skill, its prose effortlessly poised, its tone perfectly judged, the book teems with life and high drama . . . One of the most gripping and powerful books imaginable.”
—Dominic Sandbrook, The Sunday Times

“Remarkable . . . a voyage of discovery . . . a riveting odyssey . . . Sands elicits the most extraordinary revelations from his subjects.”
—Isabel Hull, London Review of Books

“Magnificent and compelling . . . Sands has created a masterpiece . . . It should be read by everyone.”
—Marc Mangel, Distinguished Research Professor of Mathematical Biology at University of California, Santa Cruz

“A rare and unusual event: a book about international law that makes you want to keep reading.”
—Cullen Murphy, Vanity Fair

“Outstanding . . . Consistently intriguing . . . A fusion of personal and professional interest, with Sands delving into his family’s cordoned-off past to unearth concealed truths and trace the circumstances that led to the birth of his chosen field of humanitarian law . . . Powerful and poignant, but also original . . . Ultimately, Sands’s multifaceted book stands triumphantly alone. It even-handedly charts four separate lives and skillfully explores a beleaguered city with blurred borders . . . It amplifies the roar of history, dramatizes the depravity of, and the moral struggle against, what Primo Levi called the “infernal order” that is Nazism . . . It is a fact-finding mission, a gripping courtroom drama, a tale, ultimately and cathartically, of good triumphing over evil. In Sands’s pages, many beautifully adorned with photos, maps, letters—evidence—we see the piece-by-piece reconstruction of a lost world, and the development of ideas that would help safeguard a new one.”
—Malcolm Forbes, New Republic

“East West Street is the fascinating story of a distinguished jurist who tries to untangle the secret wartime history of his family, as he masterfully brings to life the riveting legal drama that forced the men who ordered genocide to face justice. His suspenseful investigative memoir breaks new ground on World War II, as he takes readers on a journey across Europe that is rendered in lush and vivid prose.”
—Anne-Marie O'Connor, author of The Lady in Gold

“Sands is a fine writer and sets his scenes so compellingly and earnestly that his enterprise succeeds . . . Engrossing, luminous and moving.”
—Samuel Moyn, The Wall Street Journal

“A compelling family memoir intersects with the story of the Jewish legal minds who sowed the seeds for human rights law at the Nuremberg trials . . . important and engrossing . . . The surprise is that even when charting the complexities of law, Sands’s writing has the intrigue, verve and material density of a first-rate thriller . . . He can magic whole histories of wartime heroism out of addresses eight decades old. Or, chasing the lead of a faded photograph, he can unearth possible alternate grandparents and illicit liaisons to be verified only by DNA tests . . . Exceptional.”
—Lisa Appignanesi, The Guardian

“Sands proceeds in the manner of certain historians . . . he also works in the manner of the author of thrillers . . . In Sands’s history, as in all great novels, we encounter characters who, though seemingly secondary, are essential to the plot . . . And all the while Sands works in the way of artists like Filippo Lippi, who painted himself into the corner of his ‘Coronation of the Virgin’ and ‘The Funeral of Saint Stephen’ . . . The result is a narrative, to my knowledge unprecedented . . . We have in Sands’s East West Street a machine of power and beauty that should not be ignored by anyone in the United States or elsewhere who would believe that there are irreparable crimes whose adjudication should not stop at the border . . . Barack Obama and his successors would be well advised to move to the top of their reading lists this account of the birth, amid the darkest conceivable shadows, of an unprecedented body of rights-based law, whose application has scarcely begun.”
—Bernard-Henri L�vy, New York Times Book Review (cover review)

“Vivid and readable . . . East West Street weaves lives together in a kind of collective biography of a generation . . . remarkable . . . compelling . . . moving and powerful.”
—Mark Mazower, Financial Times

“A story of heroes and loss . . . An outstanding book; a moving history [that] at times, reads like a detective story . . . Sands’s greatest achievement is the way he moves between his family story and the lives of Lauterpacht and Lemkin and how he brings their complex work to life . . . This is the best kind of intellectual history . . . a clear, astonishing story.”
—David Herman, New Statesman

“Gripping, profound and deeply personal . . . Excellent.”
—Mark Harrison, Holocaust Memorial Day Trust

“Remarkable . . . vivid . . . complex and gripping . . . East West Street is a fascinating and revealing book, for the things it explains: the origins of laws that changed our world, no less. Thoughtful, and compassionate, and important.”
—Daniel Hahn, The Spectator

“Moving and deep . . . an astonishing work in many ways: on the personal level, on the level of coincidence, on the epic level�involving most people on earth, and on the�philosophical and legal level. That Sands managed to pull it off and pull it all together is remarkable. Lemkin and Lauterpacht are drawn with an artist's eye and are indelible—Lauterpacht's reserve juxtaposed against Lemkin's nervousness . . . The issue of the prosecution of genocide versus crimes against humanity is fascinating and was made clear to me for the first time . . . Bravo! . . . A gargantuan�achievement.”
—Jane Alexander

“This remarkable book is partly a lawyer's quest to understand the roots of international law (one that is surprisingly fascinating for the non-legal reader) and a riveting family memoir . . . Extraordinary . . . astonishing . . . a considerable feat . . . profoundly moving.”
—Caroline Sanderson, The Bookseller (Book of the Month)

“A book like no other I have ever read—unputdownable and unforgettable.”
—Orlando Figes

“Beautiful and necessary.”
—A.L. Kennedy

“Astonishing and important.”
—Louis Begley

“East West Street is a strange and beautiful object: at once a genealogy of international human rights law, and a delicate family portrait . . . Meticulous, moving, compulsive.”
—Adam Thirlwell

“This book transcends genre, breaking convention to create something fascinating and engrossing. Sands manages to weave the most personal of stories through the most globally impactful: the inclusion of the term ‘crimes against humanity’ in the judgement at Nuremberg.”
—Steven Cooper of Waterstones, The Bookseller

“Engrossing . . . remarkable . . . part family memoir, part biographical essay, part historical exploration . . . A reminder of the incredible riches that are to be found in archives, parish records, attics and old suitcases when there is the energy and persistence to keep digging.”
—Caroline Moorehead, Literary Review

“In East West Street, Philippe Sands brings all the power of his formidable intellect, his inquisitive spirit and his emotional imagination to bear on a complicated tangle of personal, legal and European history. In a gripping narrative that is tender yet dispassionate, intensely felt and meticulously researched, Sands uncovers the surprising affinities and divergences among the parallel lives of three men, two celebrated, one unknown, whose struggles, sorrows, accomplishments and defeats, large and small, help us to understand and, more, to�feel�the mittel-European civilization their lives embodied, a whole world that was destroyed and reinvented within the span of a single lifetime.”
—Michael Chabon, author of The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay

“Gripping . . . Sands’s study achieves a balance between the individual and the political that brings the events of the Holocaust into new focus . . . Readers interested in history, political science, and/or religion shouldn’t miss this compelling work with unforgettable characters.”
—Margaret Heller, Library Journal

“In a triumph of astonishing research, Sands has brilliantly woven together several family stories which lead to the great denouement at the Nuremberg tribunal. No novel could possibly match such an important work of truth.”
—Antony Beevor (English Military Historian)

“An engrossing tale of family secrets and groundbreaking legal precedents . . . a tense, riveting melding of memoir and history . . . From letters, photographs, and deeply revealing interviews, the author portrays Nazi persecutions in shattering detail . . . Vastly important.”
—Kirkus Reviews (Starred Review)

“A monumental achievement … a profoundly personal account of the origins of crimes against humanity and genocide, told with love, anger and precision.”
—John le Carr�

About the Author

Philippe Sands is professor of law at University College London and a practicing barrister at Matrix Chambers. He frequently appears before international courts, including the International Criminal Court and the World Court in the Hague, and has been involved in many of the most important cases of recent years, including Pinochet, Congo, Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Iraq, and Guantanamo. His previous books include Lawless World and Torture Team. He is a frequent contributor to the Financial Times, the Guardian, New York Review of Books, and Vanity Fair, makes regular appearances on radio and television, and serves on the boards of English PEN and the Hay Festival.



David Rintoul is a stage and television actor. A former student of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, he has worked extensively with the Royal National Theatre and the Royal Shakespeare Company. He has also appeared regularly on BBC television, starring as Mr. Darcy in the 1980 adaptation of Pride and Prejudice and as Doctor Finlay in the television series of the same name.

Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Prologue
An Invitation
Tuesday, October 1, 1946,
Nuremberg’s Palace of Justice

A little after three o’clock in the afternoon, the wooden door behind the defendant’s dock slid open and Hans Frank entered court- room 600. He wore a gray suit, a shade that was offset by the white helmets worn by the two somber-faced military guards, his escorts. The hearings had taken a toll on the man who had been Adolf Hitler’s personal lawyer and then personal representative in German-occupied Poland, with his pink cheeks, sharp little nose, and sleeked-back hair. Frank was no longer the slender and swank minister celebrated by his friend Richard Strauss. Indeed, he was in a considerable state of perturbation, so much so that as he entered the room, he turned and faced the wrong direction, showing his back to the judges.

Sitting in the packed courtroom that day was the professor of international law at Cambridge University. Balding and bespectacled, Hersch Lauterpacht perched at the end of a long wooden table, round as an owl, flanked by distinguished colleagues on the British prosecution team. Seated no more than a few feet from Frank, in a trademark black suit, Lauterpacht was the one who came up with the idea of putting the term “crimes against humanity” into the Nuremberg statute, three words to describe the murder of four million Jews and Poles on the territory of Poland. Lauterpacht would come to be recognized as the finest international legal mind of the twen- tieth century and a father of the modern human rights movement, yet his interest in Frank was not just professional. For five years, Frank had been governor of a territory that included the city of Lemberg, where Lauterpacht had a large family, including his parents, a brother and sister, their children. When the trial had opened a year earlier, their fate in the kingdom of Hans Frank was unknown.

Another man with an interest in the trial was not there that day. Rafael Lemkin listened to the judgment on a wireless, from a bed in an American military hospital in Paris. A public prosecutor and then a lawyer in Warsaw, he fled Poland in 1939, when the war broke out, and eventually reached America. There he worked with the trial’s American prosecution team, alongside the British. On that long journey, he carried a number of valises, each crammed with documents, among them many decrees signed by Frank. In studying these materials, Lemkin found a pattern of behavior, to which he gave a label, to describe the crime with which Frank could be charged. He called it “genocide.” Unlike Lauterpacht, with his focus on crimes against humanity, which aimed at the protection of individuals, he was more concerned with the protection of groups. He had worked tirelessly to get the crime of genocide into Frank’s trial, but on this last day of the trial he was too unwell to attend. He too had a personal interest in Frank: he had spent years in Lw�w, and his parents and brother were caught up in the crimes said to have been committed on Frank’s territory.

“Defendant Hans Frank,” the president of the tribunal announced. Frank was about to learn whether he would still be alive at Christmas, in a position to honor the promise he had recently made to his seven-year-old son, that all was fine and he would be home for the holiday.

Thursday, October 16, 2014,
Nuremberg’s Palace of Justice

Sixty-eight years later I visited courtroom 600 in the company of Hans Frank’s son Niklas, who was a small boy when that promise was made.

Niklas and I began our visit in the desolate, empty wing of the disused prison at the rear of the Palace of Justice, the only one of the four wings that still stood. We sat together in a small cell, like the one in which his father spent the better part of a year. The last time Niklas had been in this part of the building was in September 1946. “It’s the only room in the world where I am a little bit nearer to my father,” he told me, “sitting here and thinking of being him, for about a year being in here, with an open toilet and a small table and a small bed and nothing else.” The cell was unforgiving, and so was Niklas on the subject of his father’s actions. “My father was a lawyer; he knew what he did.”

Courtroom 600, still a working courtroom, was not greatly changed since the time of the trial. Back in 1946, the route from the cells required each of the twenty-one defendants to travel up a small elevator that led directly to the courtroom, a contraption that Niklas and I were keen to see. It remained, behind the dock at which the defendants sat, entered through the same wooden door, which slid open as noiselessly as ever. “Open, shut, open, shut,” wrote R. W. Cooper of The Times of London, the former lawn tennis correspondent who reported each day on the trial. Niklas slid the door open and entered the small space, then closed the door behind him.

When he came back out, he made his way to the place where his father sat during the trial, charged with crimes against humanity and genocide. Niklas sat down and leaned forward on the wooden rail. He looked at me, then around the room, and then he sighed. I had often wondered about the last time his father passed through the elevator’s sliding door and made his way to the defendant’s dock. It was something to be imagined and not seen, because cameras were not allowed to film the last afternoon of the trial, on Tuesday, October 1, 1946. This was done to protect the dignity of the defendants.

Niklas interrupted my thoughts. He spoke gently and firmly. “This is a happy room, for me, and for the world.”

From the book EAST WEST STREET by Philippe Sands, copyright�� 2016�by Philippe Sands. Published by arrangement with Alfred A. Knopf, an imprint of The Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Random House LLC.

Most helpful customer reviews

30 of 34 people found the following review helpful.
A bit disjointed but...
By Jill Meyer
British International rights lawyer Phillipe Sands's new book, "East West Street: On the Origins of 'Genocide' and 'Crimes Against Humanity'", is a disjointed look at what I can only say are several interesting subjects, put together in one book. Sands - the maker of an excellent documentary - "What Our Fathers Did: A Nazi Legacy" - combines a look at his own family's flight from Vienna to Paris, the lives of the two men who coined the terms, "Genocide" and "Crimes Against Humanity", the life of Hans Frank (the "Butcher of Poland"), as well as the Nuremberg Trials. This is a lot to cover in one book, and the basis of it all is the town of Lemberg/Lviv/Lwow in today's Ukraine..

Phillipe Sands' mother's family was originally from Zolkiew, a small town near the larger city of Lviv. His grandfather eventually left the area and moved to Vienna after WW1. It was there that he met his wife-to-be, and prospered as the owner of liquor stores. The family's story is the same as many others who were bullied and beaten after the Anschluss in 1938, but Sands' grandparents and mother were able to find safety of a sort in Paris and survived the war. Most of the other family members were killed in the camps or on the killing fields.

But also from the Lviv area and growing up at the same time as Sands' grandfather were two men - Rafael Lemkin and Hersch Lauterpacht - both lawyers who were able to flee the Nazis. Lemkin eventually coined the word "genocide" and Lauterpacht, "Crimes Against Humanity". The use of both words - but in particular "genocide" - were used at the Nuremberg Trials.

Another section of the book deals with Nazi lawyer, Hans Frank, who ruled over most of WW2 Poland. Millions of people were murdered in the camps and Frank was condemned to death at Nuremberg. Sands' examines the trial records to show "genocide" was used...by some judges and lawyers. Frank's young son, Niklas, and Horst, the son of Otto von Wachter, grew up with widely differing views of their fathers' and what they did in the war. They're the subjects of Sands' film, "What Our Fathers Did". (I'm linking to the review of the documentary at the bottom of this review)

This review has to be the most difficult review I've ever written. If the review is disjointed - and it is - the book the review is based on is all over the place, too. BUT, it is an excellent book. Somehow Phillipe Sands pulls it all together and even if the reader is left with, "huh" at the end, he'll have learned a lot. Sands is a good writer - and film maker - and I have to believe the book is as good as it can be.

http://www.amazon.com/review/RJNMB5WU3ROAQ/ref=cm_cr_dp_title?ie=UTF8&ASIN=B017A53BTY&channel=detail-glance&nodeID=2625373011&store=movies-tv

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Review from Havok Journal.
By krama00l
A Review of East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes against Humanity by Philippe Sands

East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes against Humanity is the latest major work by the Franco-British academic Philippe Sands. East West Street explores the origins of the legal terms “genocide” and “crimes against humanity,” and how those terms made it in to the legal lexicon of international law at the close of World War II as the Allied governments grappled with the herculean task of trying to account for some of the most horrible crimes in the history of mankind.

east-west-streetUnlike other works about atrocity crimes that tend to be overly legalistic and frankly pretentious, Sands engages this topic in a fresh, and at times deeply personal way. He focuses on a series of fascinating coincidences involving four individuals whose destinies were intertwined although none of them ever realized it.

First, Sands explores the careers of two prolific international law scholars who rose to fame in the 1930s and 1940s. The Austrian-Polish law scholar Hersch Lauterpacht would be responsible for operationalizing and giving legal effect to the term “crimes against humanity” during the Nuremburg war crimes trials. The Belarusian scholar Raphael Lemkin would in turn invent and insert the term “genocide” into the same war crimes tribunal.

If this sounds too technical or boring for most readers, have no fear. Sands presents both concepts in the context of the crimes committed by Adolph Hitler’s personal attorney Hans Frank, also known as Nuremberg Prisoner number seven, who incidentally was the military governor of the city in which both Lauterpacht and Lemkin studied law. So that the personal nature of the Holocaust is not lost in the mire of legal and historical writing, Sands provides another twist to the story. Sands’ own grandfather was from the same city where both Lauterpacht and Lemkin studied law, and the same one that Frank would rule with an iron fist, eventually exterminating every Jew in the city including the families of Lauterpacht and Lemkin, and Philipe Sands’ own grandfather.

Despite the technical nature of this book, it remains highly readable even for readers with an non-legal background. At times, sections that focused on Sands’ family slightly distracted from main effort of the book, and the work could have been effectively separated into two separate books. Additionally, interjected throughout are tales of heroism and horror, and of incredible humanity counterbalanced by living nightmares. These sections are riveting in their own right, but do very little to illuminate the primary discussion about international criminal law, and often feel misplaced.

East West Street brings up another recurring question about World War II. Why, in the twilight of 2016, do we continue to be fascinated by the Holocaust, and why do writers continue to produce works about the crimes committed by the Nazis? The atrocities committed by fascist Germany are well-documented. Almost all of the Nazi perpetrators from the Holocaust are now gone, so why write yet another book on the subject?

The answer may be found in current events. On September 27, 1979, President Jimmy Carter at the presentation of the report of the President’s Commission on the Holocaust said: “Out of our memory … of the Holocaust we must forge an unshakable oath with all civilized people that never again will the world stand silent, never again will the world…fail to act in time to prevent this terrible crime of genocide … we must harness the outrage of our own memories to stamp out oppression wherever it exists.”

Never again. Yet, since the Holocaust the world continues to fail to prevent genocides and other atrocity crimes including crimes against humanity. Since 1979, Serb forces have committed genocide in the former Yugoslavia, and the Rwandan civil war produced atrocities perpetrated by both sides including a genocide against the Tutsi by the Hutu majority. Horrible crimes have been committed in the Central African Republic, Sudan, South Sudan, and other places. Even as I write this, civilians are being slaughtered indiscriminately in Syria by the Asad regime, and Yezidi and Turkmen captives are experiencing nightmarish captivity by the so-called Islamic State. And yet nations fail to stop it.

With East West Street, Philippe Sands reminds us, once again, why we continue to say “never again.” The Holocaust is that pesky reminder to the international community that it still gets it wrong. Unlike many failed responses to atrocities today, however, Sands also reminds us that once upon a time, lawyers in the governments of the free world did more than just talk, and government agencies produced more than just carefully scripted talking points that fool no one. They took action in the most decisive way and attempted to forge a new legal order out of the furnaces of World War II by creating a system where even the highest ranking members of oppressive governments cannot escape accountability for their actions.

Despite its flaws, East West Street is extraordinarily provocative of thought, and evocative of our collective consciousness. It should be read by all those interested in post-conflict studies, the history of World War II, Holocaust studies, international law, or human rights.

7 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Face to Face with Race and Mass Murderers.
By Joseph Psotka
Philippe Sands, QC (born 17 October 1960) was a lawyer at Matrix Chambers and Professor of Laws and Director of the Centre on International Courts and Tribunals at University College London. A specialist in international law, he appeared as counsel and advocate before many international courts and tribunals. He has written this very informative book on the origins of two powerful concepts in international law, “genocide and crimes against humanity” as an intertwining of his personal family history in the city of Lviv/Lwow/Lemberg around the time of the Nazi General Gouvernement ruled by Hans Frank. The denouement of his history occurs in Nuremburg/N�rnberg at the famous trials of the leading Nazis, where both “crimes against humanity” and “genocide” first entered the judicial record. His family history wove around the lives of the creators of these concepts, Hersh Lemkin and Rafael Lauterpacht, both internationally recognized experts in international law who have still left a powerful influence. Sands provides a brief and unsatisfying personal view of their concepts at the end.

This review focuses on his presentation of these two key concepts in international law, which is as tortured and intertwined as his family history. Quotations from the book are in boldface. He begins his history with Lauterpacht’s first involvement with the “Constitutional Court, bringing Lauterpacht into direct contact with a new idea, in Europe if not America: individuals had inalienable constitutional rights, and they could go to a court to enforce those rights. This was a different model from that which protected minority rights, as in Poland…. His thesis—to use general principles of national law to strengthen international obligations—was published in May 1927, to great scholarly acclaim.” Sands was a student of Lauterpacht’s and so might be expected to be biased in his favor over Lemkin, but he shows an admirable even handedness in his exposition of both men’s ideas.

Rafael Lemkin presented his main ideas in a volume titled “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, the work adopted a different approach from Lauterpacht’s, with the aim of protecting groups, for which he invented a word for a new crime, “genocide,” the destruction of groups. Lauterpacht wrote a review of Lemkin’s book for The Cambridge Law Journal, hinting that he wasn’t a great supporter of Lemkin’s ideas…. The review was skeptical about the new term and its practical utility. The implication was clear: Lauterpacht was concerned that the protection of groups would undermine the protection of individuals.”

Once the Nuremberg trials began, both men became involved although they apparently never met directly there. Lauterpacht was singularly influential in getting the charges to “refer to the atrocities against individual civilians as “Crimes Against Humanity” … A version of the formulation had been used in 1915, when the British and the Americans decried Turkish actions against Armenians, … By Article 6(c) of the charter, the tribunal’s judges were given power to punish individuals who had committed crimes against humanity, defined to cover murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, and other inhumane acts committed against any civilian population”.

Lemkin’s analysis of the Holocaust made him a valuable member of the American legal team. “Lemkin followed the trail, the “decisive steps” that formed a pattern. The first step was usually the act of denationalization, making individuals stateless by severing the link of nationality between Jews and the state, so as to limit the protection of the law. This was followed by “dehumanization,” removing legal rights from members of the targeted group. The two-step pattern was applied across Europe. The third step was to kill the nation “in a spiritual and cultural sense”. “His focus was mainly on the treatment of “Jews, Poles, Slovenes and Russians,” but of at least one group—homosexuals—Lemkin made no mention. He wrote of the misdemeanors of the “Germans,” rather than the Nazis” making but one reference to the National Socialists, and “argued that “the German people” had “accepted freely” what was planned, participating voluntarily in the measures and profiting greatly from their implementation. The desire to protect groups did not prevent him from singling out the Germans as a group.”

In Chapter 9 Lemkin discarded “barbarity” and “vandalism” and “created a new word, an amalgam of the Greek word genos (tribe or race) and the Latin word cide (killing)… Genocide concerned acts “directed against individuals, not in their individual capacity, but as members of national groups,”... “New conceptions require new terms.” … “he’d made a proposal to the Polish government in exile in London, using the Polish word ludob�jstwo, a literal translation of the German word V�lkermord (murder of the peoples)”. Notice, please, that the phrase “the peoples” implies a racist view of the world that there are more than one kind of humanity, an idea implicit in the Nazis’ racism as well. Lemkin basically adopted the Nazis’ racist terminology (Voelkermord/ racial killing) and turned it against them. Lemkin fell into the simplistic conceptual error of adopting his opponents’ perspectives and in this event, continuing a “tirade against Germans with the claim that the terrible acts reflected a “militarism born of the innate viciousness of the German racial character.”... “his attack should have been on the Nazis, not the Germans. … Lemkin had fallen into a trap, adopting “biological thinking” of the kind that led to anti-Semitism and anti-Germanism.” More simply put, Lemkin’s perspective was racist. In this he agreed almost completely with the purely Nazi sentiment of a focus on a racial community in Hans Frank’s defense statement during the trial that “A thousand years will pass and still this guilt of Germany will not have been erased.” Lemkin edited his book in which “He also wrote a new section, to make the point that the “German people” were a “Kain who killed Abel”.

“Genocide having been left out of the Nuremberg Charter, Lemkin knew that the crimes listed in Article 6 still had to be elaborated into specific charges against the defendants.
On October 6, the Four Powers reached agreement on an indictment that contained four counts, the last of which was crimes against humanity. Yet genocide wasn’t introduced under this head, as Lemkin had hoped, but in count 3, on war crimes. … Genocide was extermination of racial and religious groups, against the civilian populations of certain occupied territories in order to destroy particular races and classes of people and national, racial, or religious groups, particularly Jews, Poles, Gypsies and others. … October 18, Lemkin was back in the United States, exhausted but satisfied. “I went to London and succeeded in having inscribed the charge of Genocide against the Nazi war criminals in Nuremberg,” he later wrote. “I included genocide in the indictment at the Nuremberg trials.”… Crimes against humanity and genocide were both in the trial.”
Strangely, the word ‘genocide’ after all Lemkin’s efforts did not appear in the trial proceedings themselves until the Nazis themselves helped Lemkin. “Help came from an unlikely source, Alfred Rosenberg. I am no g�nocidaire, Frank’s neighbor on the defendants’ front bench told the judges, speaking through his lawyer.” Given the racist views implicit in the concept of genocide, it should not have been surprising that it was the Nazis to whom its meaning appealed most directly. However, the Nazis were not the only racists at the trial, since a racist view of humanity was the prevailing common sense view of the time, (and sadly remains so today). As the lead American prosecutor pointed out “Remember Frank’s words, Jackson told the judges, that “a thousand years will pass and this guilt of Germany will still not be erased.”

The British prosecutor, Shawcross, used the word as well, although his main advisor, Lauterpacht, had not included it in his draft. “Shawcross used the term in a more limited sense, as he made clear. “Genocide” was an aggravated “crime against humanity,” but only if committed in connection with the war.” Also, given Lauterpacht’s less racist perspective Shawcross addressed broader, less racist groups, such as the Polish intelligentsia and “Genocide” pursued “in different forms” against other groups, in Yugoslavia, in Alsace-Lorraine, in the Low Countries, even in Norway”.

“Crimes against humanity got a central place in the judgment and, for the first time in history, were recognized to be an established part of international law.” Yet, the final judgement did not use the word ‘genocide’. “Several of the others were found to have committed crimes against humanity, but none were found guilty of genocide. The word was unspoken.”

And yet the concept of genocide also entered international law with great force largely through the indefatigable efforts of Rafael Lemkin at the trial and beyond. “He argued against general declarations about human rights of the kind that would be raised at the first General Assembly of the United Nations, to be held later that year. How could piracy and forgery be international crimes, he asked rhetorically, but not the extermination of millions? He made a pitch for genocide to be “declared an international crime,” reminding those in the room about Axis Rule. Anyone involved in “the criminal philosophy of genocide” should be treated as a criminal, he told those present.”

“Desiring to lay the path for an international bill of rights, the General Assembly affirmed that the principles of international law recognized by the Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal—including crimes against humanity—were a part of international law. By resolution 95, the General Assembly endorsed Lauterpacht’s ideas and decided to find a place for the individual in the new international order…

The General Assembly then adopted resolution 96. This went beyond what the judges at Nuremberg had decided: noting that genocide denied the “right of existence of entire human groups,” the Assembly decided to override the ruling and affirm that “genocide is a crime under international law.” Where judges feared to tread, governments legislated into existence a rule to reflect Lemkin’s work…

On December 9, 1948, the General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, the first human rights treaty of the modern era.” (also institutionalizing the racist misconceptions implicit in the concept of genocide .)

“No treaty on crimes against humanity has yet been adopted to parallel Lemkin’s Genocide Convention.”

Sands wraps up his commentary comparing genocide and crimes against humanity with a brief history. “Two months after agreement was reached on the ICC, in September 1998 Jean-Paul Akayesu became the first person ever to be convicted for the crime of genocide by an international court. This followed a trial held at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda…
A few weeks later, in November 1998, the House of Lords in London ruled that Senator Augusto Pinochet, former president of Chile, was not entitled to claim immunity from the jurisdiction of the English courts because the acts of torture for which he was said to be responsible were a crime against humanity. This was the first time any national court had ever handed down such a ruling…
In May 1999, the Serbian president Slobodan Milošević became the first serving head of state to be indicted for crimes against humanity, for alleged acts in Kosovo. In November 2001, after he left office, genocide charges were added to his indictment, in relation to atrocities in Bosnia, at Srebrenica…
In September 2007, the International Court of Justice in The Hague ruled that Serbia violated its obligation to Bosnia and Herzegovina by failing to prevent a genocide in Srebrenica. This was the first occasion on which any state had been condemned by an international court for violating the Genocide Convention…
Two years later, in May 2012, Charles Taylor became the first head of state to be convicted of crimes against humanity. He was sentenced to fifty years in prison…
In 2015, the United Nations International Law Commission started to work actively on the subject of crimes against humanity, opening the way to a possible companion to the convention on the prevention and punishment of genocide…”
Sadly, it currently contains an article continuing the Genocide Convention’s racist view of atrocities against racial groups. And sadly too, it ignores lgbt issues and defines gender bias as only against a man or a woman.
“An informal hierarchy has emerged. In the years after the Nuremberg judgment, the word genocide gained traction in political circles and in public discussion as the “crime of crimes,” elevating the protection of groups above that of individuals...a crime against humanity came to be seen as the lesser evil…
Proving the crime of genocide is difficult, and in litigating cases I have seen for myself how the need to prove the intent to destroy a group in whole or in part, as the Genocide Convention requires, can have unhappy psychological consequences … enhances the sense of solidarity among the members of the victim group while reinforcing negative feelings toward the perpetrator group…The term “genocide,” with its focus on the group, tends to heighten a sense of “them” and “us,” burnishes feelings of group identity, and may unwittingly give rise to the very conditions that it seeks to address: by pitting one group against another, it makes reconciliation less likely…
I fear that the crime of genocide has distorted the prosecution of war crimes and crimes against humanity, because the desire to be labeled a victim of genocide brings pressure on prosecutors to indict for that crime. For some, to be labeled a victim of genocide becomes “an essential component of national identity” without contributing to the resolution of historical disputes or making mass killings less frequent. It was no surprise that an editorial in a leading newspaper, on the occasion of the centenary of Turkish atrocities against Armenians, suggested that the word “genocide” may be unhelpful, because it “stirs up national outrage rather than the sort of ruthless examination of the record the country needs.”…
Yet against these arguments, I am bound to accept that the sense of group identity is a fact. As long ago as 1893, the sociologist Louis Gumplowicz, in his book La lutte des races (The struggle between the races), noted that “the individual, when he comes into the world, is a member of a group.”… It seems that a basic element of human nature is that “people feel compelled to belong to groups and, having joined, consider them superior to competing groups.” This poses a serious challenge for our system of international law confronted with a tangible tension: on the one hand, people are killed because they happen to be members of a certain group; on the other, the recognition of that fact by the law tends to make more likely the possibility of conflict between groups, by reinforcing the sense of group identity. Perhaps Leopold Kohr got it right, in the strong but private letter he wrote to his friend Lemkin, that the crime of genocide will end up giving rise to the very conditions it seeks to ameliorate.”

Sands thus ends his narrative with a very diluted and ambiguous terminus. It seems to me that his refusal to acknowledge the fundamental error in a racist view of humanity lies at the core of his inconsistency. In the end, he has to invoke the arguments of someone outside his binary world of Lauterpacht and Lemkin to reconcile his views: Kohr, with his arguments against viewing the Germans or anyone as a ‘race’ shows the direction for final clarification. Sands’ preference for a law based on individual guilt rather than group guilt can be strengthened by a recognition of the modern scientific view that all humanity shares more than 99.5% of the same genetic material, leaving no room for more than one race of humanity. This takes away the implicit racist power of the concept of genocide, with its racist notion that an entire evolutionary group could be forever wiped out in a crime of crimes against humanity. From this stance, other shortcomings of a genocidal view of groups help to eradicate the concept of genocide.
The problem with protecting groups is that it opens up the punishment of groups, retaliation against collective guilt, and if that punishment is mortal, how to distinguish it from genocide itself. This is all too evident in the blame on ‘German’s rather than Nazi ideologues that arose in Lemkin’s writings, the Nuremburg trials, and the convictions. Lemkin's approach to genocide made the same mistake as Hitler's and the prevalent worldview of scholars of that era: assuming the reality of unique genetic human groups. If this fiction is recognized as unreal then the focus remains on crimes against humanity and individual rights, where it belongs.

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Sabtu, 15 Januari 2011

[D997.Ebook] Download PDF Jazz Arranging and Performance Practice: A Guide for Small Ensembles, by Paul E. Rinzler

Download PDF Jazz Arranging and Performance Practice: A Guide for Small Ensembles, by Paul E. Rinzler

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Jazz Arranging and Performance Practice: A Guide for Small Ensembles, by Paul E. Rinzler

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Jazz Arranging and Performance Practice: A Guide for Small Ensembles, by Paul E. Rinzler

Unlike most jazz arranging books, which focus on the rudiments of arranging (transposition, ranges, notation, and so forth), this book deals with the real substance of arranging for small jazz ensembles, in addition to the rudiments. Rinzler devotes a chapter to each of the following arranging elements: intros, endings, accents/breaks/dynamics, time and tempo changes, style changes, form, rhythm section procedure, harmony and orchestration. Over a hundred musical examples demonstrate arranging techniques that apply to 147 jazz standards and modern compositions.

  • Sales Rank: #4062379 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Scarecrow Pr
  • Published on: 1989-10
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 5.75" w x .75" l,
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 183 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
...an excellent addition to the literature on jazz instruction. (Notes: Quarterly Journal of the Music Library Association)

...detailed but concise...this thoroughly researched and clearly written book will be accessible to students and public library patrons with some technical background. (CHOICE)

About the Author
Paul Rinzler (Doctor of Arts, University of Northern Colorado) teaches music theory and jazz studies classes at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He has played jazz piano professionally for many years and was recently awarded an NEA jazz performance grant. His big band compositions are published by Walrus publishing, and his articles on jazz have appeared in the New Grove's Dictionary of Jazz and the Annual Review of Jazz Studies.

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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Lots of ideas for the small jazz group
By Beagle
This is quite a remarkable book for its size and is quite unlike most of the other arranging books I've seen. For me it is by far the most useful book I have seen on the subject. (Another that looks quite promising is David Baker's Arranging and Composing for the Small Ensemble: Jazz, R & B, Jazz Rock, though I haven't read it).

As the title suggests, this book is for arranging small ensembles, while the majority of books you find are more directed at arranging for the big band. I play in a small jazz group consisting of trumpet (me), trombone, guitar, double bass, drums. Most of the material you find in a typical arranging book is just not applicable to this situation.

The first thing you will see when flicking through the pages of this book is masses of musical examples from actual recordings (and these are all referenced in the index). Even if you don't know the particular arrangement, just knowing the tune will help to imagine how it would sound with the particular device being described in the text.

The book doesn't spend too much time on three and four part writing (since in a small group there is far less scope for this than in a big band). Instead Rinzler dedicates most space to discussing the form of the song. He covers various forms of intros, interludes, and outros, style changes (e.g. latin A section/swing B section), rhythmic accents, variations in instrumentation, changes in time signature, modulation, time feel, and so on.

My only criticism of the book is that it is too brief in parts. I think some concepts could have deserved more text to help explain how to achieve a particular effect. Also the book is largely a compilation of the different tools the arranger has available. It would be nice to see a chapter on putting it all together. In fact there is a brief section where the author takes a lead sheet and then presents an arrangement of the piece, but it would have been nice to see a bit more the process involved rather than just seeing the end product. However, I guess this is where the imagination and skill of the arranger comes in and a lot of this is just experience at combining the various techniques.

If you play in a small group and need some ideas, this is a great book. As far as I can tell, it appears to be one of the few arranging books available which specifically focus on small jazz ensembles.

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